Java Introduction

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Java Introduction  :-
-Java is called as programming language because by using Java, we can write programs.
-Java is created in 1995.
-Java is a programming language, platform & technology.
-Java was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems (which has since been acquired by Oracle) and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform.
-It is owned by Oracle, and more than 3 billion devices run Java.


List of programming languages:

C, C++, Java, Python, VC++, Visual Basic.Net, C#.Net, Small talk, Simula, Ada, etc.,


Top 5 programming languages:-

Java, C, Python, C++ & C#
C & C++ are popular for developing system software
Java popular for developing Internet Applications
Python popular for developing Artificial Intelligence Applications
C# popular for developing Graphical User Interface Applications

History of Java:-
        The history of Java is very interesting. Java was originally designed for interactive television, (but it was too advanced technology for the digital cable television industry at the time).
The history of Java starts with the Green Team. Java team members (also known as Green Team), initiated this project to develop a language for digital devices such as set-top boxes, televisions, etc. However, it was suited for internet programming. Later, Java technology was incorporated by Netscape.

The principles for creating Java programming were "Simple, Robust, Portable, Platform-independent, Secured, High Performance, Multithreaded, Architecture Neutral, Object-Oriented, Interpreted, and Dynamic". Java was developed by James Gosling, who is known as the father of Java, in 1995. James Gosling and his team members started the project in the early '90s.

1) James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton initiated the Java language project in June 1991. The small team of sun engineers called Green Team.
2) Initially designed for small, embedded systems in electronic appliances like set-top boxes.
3) Firstly, it was called "Greentalk" by James Gosling, and the file extension was .gt.
4) After that, it was called Oak and was developed as a part of the Green project.

Oak - Oak is a symbol of strength and chosen as a national tree of many countries like the U.S.A., France, Germany, Romania, etc. -In 1995, Oak was renamed as "Java" because it was already a trademark by Oak Technologies.

Why the name is java:-
Java is an island of Indonesia where the first coffee was produced (called java coffee). It is a kind of espresso bean. Java name was chosen by James Gosling while having coffee near his office.
Java version :-
JDK Alpha and Beta (1995) JDK 1.0 (23rd Jan 1996) JDK 1.1 (19th Feb 1997) J2SE 1.2 (8th Dec 1998) J2SE 1.3 (8th May 2000) J2SE 1.4 (6th Feb 2002) J2SE 5.0 (30th Sep 2004) Java SE 6 (11th Dec 2006) Java SE 7 (28th July 2011) Java SE 8 (18th Mar 2014) Java SE 9 (21st Sep 2017) Java SE 10 (20th Mar 2018)

It is used for:-

1.Mobile applications (specially Android apps)
2.Desktop applications
3.Web applications
4.Web servers and application servers
5.Games
6.Database connection


 Why Use Java?
 -Java works on different platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, etc.)
-It is one of the most popular programming language in the world
-It is easy to learn and simple to use
-It is open-source and free
-It is secure, fast and powerful
-It has a huge community support (tens of millions of developers)
-Java is an object oriented language which gives a clear structure to programs   and allows code to be reused, lowering development costs
As Java is close to C++ and C#, it makes it easy for programmers to switch to Java or vice versa
 

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